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Planetary nebula · evidence and sources

Helix Nebula

Also known as NGC 7293, Caldwell 63, Eye of God.

Catalog Position basis, the same label the app shows on the selection card.

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Every aspect, with its origin

One record per aspect. The origin says what kind of thing each value is; the source says where it came from; the limit says what it cannot tell you.

ObservedCatalogComputedReconstructedIllustrativeUndocumented
Position Catalog

Sky position and adopted distance

Helix Nebula is placed at J2000 RA 22.5 h, Dec -20.8° in Aquarius, at an adopted distance of 700 light-years.

EpochJ2000
LimitThe inner-disk axis uses the published approximately 303° sky position angle and 23° tilt from our line of sight.
Physical data Catalog

Measured dimensions

Helix Nebula (planetary nebula; central source WD 2226−210, central white dwarf): inner disk 0.5 pc; outer torus 0.8 pc; outermost extent 1.8 pc; outer radius used for arrival 2.9 light-years.

Methodobservation-constrained reconstruction
Appearance Reconstructed

3D geometry as an observation-constrained reconstruction

The measured inner disk, outer torus, and outermost diameter set the close geometry. The faint axial component is one published interpretation; the outer three-dimensional structure remains uncertain. Displayed cometary knots are a representative population, not claimed individual knots.

Methodobservation-constrained reconstruction
LimitEmission points and knots are deterministic presentation samples, not individually catalogued gas parcels.

What is not measured

  • Appearance: a reconstruction from measurements, not a direct observation. 3D geometry as an observation-constrained reconstruction. Emission points and knots are deterministic presentation samples, not individually catalogued gas parcels.

Sources cited

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